УДК 631.1 Организация и управление сельскохозяйственным производством
УДК 577.2 Молекулярные основы жизни. Молекулярная биология
Клеточное сельское хозяйство предлагает альтернативы традиционному сельскому хозяйству и позволяет производить мясную и молочную продукцию без разведения и забоя животных. Разработки культивированного мяса уже подошли к этапу создания продуктов со сложной текстурой и вкусовыми качествами, которые приближаются к натуральным стейкам. Ключевыми проблемами новой отрасли сегодня является создание растительных каркасов (скаффолдов) для культивации мышечных клеток, чтобы воспроизводить архитектуру мышечных волокон, а также синтез эффективных и недорогих питательных сред без содержания фетальной бычьей сыворотки, которая является спорным компонентом с точки зрения этики, а ее высокая стоимость исключает применение в промышленном масштабе. Прогнозы развития отрасли при сохранении существующих темпов развития технологий позволяет ожидать, что к 2040 году треть всего объема мяса может быть выращена без участия животных.
клеточное сельское хозяйство, культивированное мясо, белковая инженерия, биореакторы, скаффолды
1. Top 50 Cellular Agriculture Companies in Globe 2025: Statistics View by Spherical Insights & Consulting. June 2025. https://www.sphericalinsights.com/blogs/top-50-cellular-agriculture-companies-in-globe-2025-statistics-view-by-spherical-insights-consulting
2. CellX запустила завод клеточного мяса в Шанхае с прицелом на внешние рынки. Независимый портал для специалистов мясной индустрии «Мясной Эксперт». 10-08-2023. https://meat-expert.ru/news/14661-cellx-zapustila-zavod-kletochnogo-myasa-v-shankhae-s-pritselom-na-vneshnie-rynki?ysclid=mfo1w9g8n462915963
3. Specht L. An analysis of culture medium costs and production volumes for cultivated meat. The Good Food Institute. Feb 09, 2020 https://gfi.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/clean-meat-production-volume-and-medium-cost
4. CellX Expands into US Market with GRAS-Cleared Morel Mycelium and New Jerky Brand. April 03 2025. https://vegconomist.com/fungi-mushrooms-mycelium/cellx-expands-us-market-gras-cleared-morel-mycelium-new-jerky-brand/
5. Luyef R.D. Biotechnologies nabs $1.25m to scale cell-cultivated meat production. 05-Dec-2024. https://www.foodnavigator-usa.com/Article/2024/12/05/cell-cultivated-meat-co-luyef-biotechnologies-raises-125m/
6. Morach B. et all. Food for Thought: The Protein Transformation/ March 24, 2021. https://www.bcg.com/publications/2021/the-benefits-of-plant-based-meats
7. Gerhardt C.F. et al. How Will Cultured Meat and Meat Alternatives Disrupt the Agricultural and Food Industry?. Industrial Biotechnology 16 (2020): 262-270. DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1089/ind.2020.29227.cge
8. Eom K.H., Jeong D., Choi J.Y., Gim G.M. et al. MSTN knockout enhances the production of MYOD1-mediated steak-type cultivated meat. J Anim Sci Biotechnol. 2025 Mar 11;16(1):41. doi:https://doi.org/10.1186/s40104-025-01173-1
9. Post M.J., Levenberg S., Kaplan D.L. et al. Scientific, sustainability and regulatory challenges of cultured meat. Nat Food 1, 403–415 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1038/s43016-020-0112-z
10. Cheng Y.W., Shiwarski D.J., Ball R.L., Whitehead K.A. et al. Engineering Aligned Skeletal Muscle Tissue Using Decellularized Plant-Derived Scaffolds. ACS Biomater Sci Eng. 2020 May 11;6(5):3046-3054. doi:https://doi.org/10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c00058
11. Rubio N.R., Fish K.D., Trimmer B.A., Kaplan D.L. Possibilities for Engineered Insect Tissue as a Food Source. Front. Sustain. Food Syst. 2019, 3:24. doi:https://doi.org/10.3389/fsufs.2019.00024
12. Nexture Bio Acquires Matrix Food Technologies, Inc. to increase offerings of animal-component-free enabling technologies. World Post Reporter https://www.worldpostreporter.com/article/777583304-nexture-bio-acquires-matrix-food-technologies-inc-to-increase-offerings-of-animal-component-free-enabling-technologies
13. MacQueen L.A., Alver C.G., Chantre C.O., Ahn S. et al. Muscle tissue engineering in fibrous gelatin: implications for meat analogs. NPJ Sci Food. 2019 Oct 21;3:20. doi:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41538-019-0054-8.
14. Fasciano S., Wheba A., Ddamulira C., Wang S. Recent advances in scaffolding biomaterials for cultivated meat. Biomater Adv. 2024 Sep;162:213897. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bioadv.2024.213897
15. Kang D.H., Louis F., Liu H., Shimoda H. et al. Engineered whole cut meat-like tissue by the assembly of cell fibers using tendon-gel integrated bioprinting. Nat Commun. 2021 Aug 24;12(1):5059. doi:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-25236-9
16. Murugan P., Yap W.S., Ezhilarasu H., Suntornnond R. et al. Decellularised plant scaffolds facilitate porcine skeletal muscle tissue engineering for cultivated meat biomanufacturing. NPJ Sci Food. 2024 May 3;8(1):25. doi:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41538-024-00262-1
17. Tiamat Sciences - Using Plants in Place of Bioreactors to Meet the Future Needs of Cellular Agriculture/ Protein Report, July 15, 2020 https://www.proteinreport.org/articles/tiamat-sciences-using-plants-place-bioreactors-meet-future-needs-cellular-agriculture/
18. Formo bags $61 million in Series B funding - launches the world’s first animal-free cheese made with Koji Protein. Health Capital. https://www.healthcapital.de/en/news/article/formo-bags-61-million-in-series-b-funding-launches-the-worlds-first-animal-free-cheese-made-with-koji-protein/
19. Watson E. Protein from air startup Solar Foods plans to go public. AgFunderNews, 07-18-2024. https://agfundernews.com/protein-from-air-startup-solar-foods-plans-to-go-public
20. Achard S. Shiru Launches Commercial Production of AI-Discovered uPro™ & OleoPro™ Ingredients. IrgoNews, 25th April 2025 https://igrownews.com/shiru-latest-news/
21. Danley S. Shiru raises $17 million to develop novel plant-based ingredients. FoodBusinessnews 27 Oct, 2021. https://www.foodbusinessnews.net/articles/19918-shiru-raises-17-million-to-develop-novel-plant-based-ingredients].
22. Ho S. French Startup Core Biogenesis Secures US$3.1M To Scale Growth Factors For Cell-Based Meat. Green Queen, Dec 14, 2020 https://www.greenqueen.com.hk/french-startup-core-biogenesis-secures-usd-3-1m-to-scale-growth-factors-for-cell-based-meat/]
23. Oberoi M. The Startup Trying to Solve the Lab-Grown Meat Industry’s Woes: Will It Work?. Ark Biotech: Oct-04, 2024 https://www.business2community.com/business-news/this-startup-is-trying-to-solve-the-lab-grown-meat-industrys-woes-will-it-work/
24. Goodwin C.M., Aimutis W.R., Shirwaiker R.A. A scoping review of cultivated meat techno-economic analyses to inform future research directions for scaled-up manufacturing. Nat Food. 2024 Nov;5(11):901-910. doi:https://doi.org/10.1038/s43016-024-01061-3
25. Gome G., Chak B., Tawil S., Shpatz D. et al. Cultivation of Bovine Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Plant-Based Scaffolds in a Macrofluidic Single-Use Bioreactor for Cultured Meat. Foods. 2024 Apr 28;13(9):1361. doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/foods13091361
26. Messmer T., Klevernic I., Furquim C. et al. A serum-free media formulation for cultured meat production supports bovine satellite cell differentiation in the absence of serum starvation. Nat Food 3, 74–85 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1038/s43016-021-00419-
27. van der Valk J. Fetal bovine serum-a cell culture dilemma. Science. 2022 Jan 14;375(6577):143-144. doi:https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abm1317
28. Subbiahanadar Chelladurai K., Selvan Christyraj J.D., Rajagopalan K., Yesudhason B.V. et al. Alternative to FBS in animal cell culture - An overview and future perspective. Heliyon. 2021 Jul 28;7(8):e07686. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07686
29. Stout A.J., Mirliani A.B., Rittenberg M.L. et al. Simple and effective serum-free medium for sustained expansion of bovine satellite cells for cell cultured meat. Commun Biol 5, 466 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1038/s42003-022-03423-8
